Role of plants fertilizers

Examples natural or organic fertilizer are both classic manure , mixed with the waste of agriculture like forage , or guano formed by the droppings of birds (eg poultry, like chicken ).
The definition of manure as fertilizer regulations of the European Union is "material whose primary function is to provide nutrients to plants"
The action involves providing a fertilizer is called fertilization . Fertilizers, together with the amendments are part of the products fertilizers .
Fertilizers have been used since antiquity , when added to soil, empirically, the phosphate of the bone (calcined or not), the nitrogen of animal and human manure or potassium in the ashes .

To accomplish the process of life vegetative, the plants are in need of: water , over twenty nutrients that are under way in the mineral soil , carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) contributed by the air , and solar power necessary for the synthesis of chlorophyll .
Fertilizers provide:
Basic elements, nitrogen (chemical symbol N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K). 1 spoken of NPK type fertilizers if the three are linked together. If no one speaks also of N, NP, NK, PK.
Secondary elements, calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), magnesium (Mg), 2
trace elements such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), the copper (Cu), boron (B), zinc (Zn), the chlorine (Cl), sodium (Na) The cobalt (Co), the vanadium (V) and silicon (Si).
These elements are commonly found in sufficient quantity in the soil, and are added only in case of shortage .
Plants need of relatively large amounts of the base elements. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are the elements that it is currently adding more to the ground.
The nitrogen contributes to the vegetative development of all aerial parts of the plant. It is very necessary in spring at the beginning of the vegetation, but it must distribute it over would be detrimental for the development of flowers , the fruits or bulbs .
Phosphorus enhances plant resistance and contributes to root . The phosphor powder is in the bone.
Potassium helps to promote flowering and development of the fruit . Potassium is found in wood ash.
NPK form the basis for most of the tickets sold today. Nitrogen is the most important among them, and the most controversial given the high solubility in water of the nitrates .

Organic fertilizers are usually of animal or vegetable. May also be of synthetic (eg urea).
The former are typically industrial wastes such as slaughterhouse waste (dried blood, horn roasted) fish waste, sludge from purification of water. They are interesting for their contribution of nitrogen from decaying relatively slowly, and by its action favorable to the rapid multiplication of the soil microflora, but little richer soil humus stable.
The latter can be green waste (green waste), composted or not. Its chemical composition depends on the appropriate plant and the time of its development. Besides organic substance contains large amounts of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium, as well as a high percentage of trace elements . Can also be used the slurry but adequate preparation is expensive.
The principle of green manure takes the ancient practice that involves burying the weeds . Is performed on an intercrop, which is buried in the same place.
When it comes to legumes such as alfalfa or clover , also obtained an enrichment of the soil in available nitrogen as its root system associated with the bacteria of the type Rhizobium , capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen. To make this technique more effectively sown seeds with the bacteria.

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